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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Milk Yield and Milk Compositions of Lactating Cows Fed Hay and Concentrate Supplement with/without Cottonseed Cake and/or Bole (Lake Soil)) ผู้เขียน: Nega Tolla,  ดร.ประวีร์ วิชชุลตา, รองศาสตราจารย์ , ดร.พรศรี ชัยรัตนายุทธ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ , Suwapong Sawsdiphanich สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractA study was conducted to investigate milk yield and milk compositions of lactating Holstein Friesian cows fed native hay and a concentrate supplement with/without cottonseed cake and/or bole. Thirty two animals with 524?54 kg average body weight were blocked by their expected due dates of calving. Soon after calving each animal was assigned in a randomized complete block design to one of the four dietary treatments of concentrate alone (C) (control), 45% of the the concentrate by weight replaced with cottonseed cake (C+CSC), concentrate plus 3% bole (C+bole) and 45% of the concentrate by weight replaced with 45% CSC plus 3% bole (C+CSC+bole). Intake of hay was significantly (p<0.05) different among treatments. Supplements, total dry matter, crude protein and metabolizable energy intake were not significantly (p>0.05) different among treatment groups. Crude protein intake in treatments C, C+CSC and C+CSC+bole were 13.4, 20.6 and 11.5% higher than the estimated daily requirement respectively, while the intake of those in treatment C+bole was nearly at requirement level. Intakes of ME for treatments groups of C, C+CSC, C+bole and C+CSC+bole were 4.4, 10.3, 9.6 and 13% lower than the estimated daily requirement respectively. There were no significant (p>0.05) milk yield differences among treatments. However, animals fed the treatment diets of C+CSC, CSC+Bole and C+CSC+Bole produced 7.4, 16.3 and 18.2% higher actual milk and 14.3, 24.2 and 25.7% higher 4% fat corrected milk than the control group respectively. Milk fat content was significantly (p<0.05) different among treatments. But milk fat yield, milk protein contents and yield were not significantly (p>0.05) differed among treatments. Lower milk protein contents were observed throughout the treatment groups than expected might be due to low non structural carbohydrate contents of the diets. Supplementing a concentrated diet with 3% bole alone was found biologically and economically profitable. However, optimum levels of CSC and bole to be included in a concentrate diet have to be assessed further. |
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หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Comparative Performances of Holstein-Friesian Cows under Smallholder and Large Scale Farmers’ Management in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Nega Tolla, ดร.ประวีร์ วิชชุลตา, รองศาสตราจารย์, ดร.พรศรี ชัยรัตนายุทธ์, รองศาสตราจารย์, Suwapong Swsdiphanich สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractA study was conducted in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia to assess comparative productive and reproductive performances of graded Holstein Friesian cows under small and large scale farmers’ management. A total of 28 animals from both small (14) and large scales farms (14) in different parity classes were used for data collection for a period of 28 weeks. Significant differences were observed in daily intakes of dry matter, crude protein and P (p<0.001) as well as metabolizable energy and Na (p<0.01) between the two farming scales. Daily milk yield and fat corrected (FC) milk yields were also significantly (p<0.001) different. The differences in the composition of milk and postpartum reproductive parameters measured were not statistically significant (p>0.05) between the farm scales. However, the longer days open (171) was observed for small scale farms than the large scale farms (148). Days from calving to the first sign of estrus (115d) and numbers of services per conception (2.1) were higher on large scale farms than on the small scale farms (96 and 1.6 respectively). Milk yield, milk composition and reproductive efficiencies did not significantly (p>0.05) differ between parity classes. Generally, the productive and reproductive performances of graded Holstein Friesian cows in this study were under their expected genetic potential, as compared to other parts of the tropics. This might be attributed mainly to poor nutritional qualities of the available feed resources, in terms of protein, energy and mineral balance which needed further investigation. |
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